Actor Atlas

Discover global instrument articles that deal with a topic via the Tag cloud with terms in articles of international instruments:

Look up the sustainable development target for a topic via the Tag cloud for sustainable development targets

With a #tagcoding hashtag per article, anyone can tag content relevant to its status and implementation, and share it via social media as explained in the #tagcoding Handbook or the video #tags in support of easy information retrieval (YouTube).

The backlinks below usually do not include the child and sibling items, nor the pages in the breadcrumbs.

#a4i2e - II.E. Debt and debt sustainability

• #aaaa100 - Reduce the vulnerability of sovereigns to holdout creditors
• #aaaa101 - Increased issuance of sovereign bonds in domestic currency under national laws
• #aaaa102 - Disasters and shocks can undermine a country’s debt sustainability
• #aaaa93 - Debt relief initiatives
• #aaaa94 - Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Initiative (HIPC); debt sustainability
• #aaaa95 - Tools for assessing debt sustainability and prudent public debt management
• #aaaa96 - Transparency in debt management
• #aaaa97 - Guidelines for debtor and creditor responsibilities in borrowing by and lending to sovereigns
• #aaaa98 - Debt restructuring and non-cooperative creditors
• #aaaa99 - Cooperative restructuring of sovereign obligations

Select a continent's tab for country ISO 3166 codes to localize the #aaaa101 - Increased issuance of sovereign bonds in domestic currency under national laws coding hashtag!

Visit #WWlgu codes for local news incl. progress on climate change (#SDG13) for local government unit (lgu) localization.

Add the untruth-postfixes to the hashtag:

#aaaa101_M : Misinformation about #aaaa101 - Increased issuance of sovereign bonds in domestic currency under national laws
#aaaa101_C : Conceptual deception about #aaaa101 - Increased issuance of sovereign bonds in domestic currency under national laws
#aaaa101_D : Disinformation about #aaaa101 - Increased issuance of sovereign bonds in domestic currency under national laws
#aaaa101_F : Fake news about #aaaa101 - Increased issuance of sovereign bonds in domestic currency under national laws
#aaaa101_P : Propaganda about #aaaa101 - Increased issuance of sovereign bonds in domestic currency under national laws
#aaaa101_S : Satire about #aaaa101 - Increased issuance of sovereign bonds in domestic currency under national laws

Misinformation about #aaaa101 - Increased issuance of sovereign bonds in domestic currency under national laws refers to false or misleading information that is shared unknowingly and is not intended to deliberately deceive, manipulate or inflict harm on a person, social group, organisation or country.

Contextual deception about #aaaa101 - Increased issuance of sovereign bonds in domestic currency under national laws refers to the use of true but not necessarily related information to frame an event, issue or individual (e.g. a headline that does not match the corresponding article), or the misrepresentation of facts to support one’s narrative (e.g. to deliberately delete information that is essential context to understanding the original meaning). The way in which facts are used is disingenuous and with the intent to manipulate people or cause harm.

Disinformation about #aaaa101 - Increased issuance of sovereign bonds in domestic currency under national laws refers to verifiably false or misleading information that is knowingly and intentionally created and shared for economic gain or to deliberately deceive, manipulate or inflict harm.

Fake news about #aaaa101 - Increased issuance of sovereign bonds in domestic currency under national laws refers to false information that is purposefully crafted, sensational, emotionally charged, misleading or totally fabricated information that mimics the form of mainstream news. Fake news can be wholly fabricated or a mix of fact and fiction.

Propaganda about #aaaa101 - Increased issuance of sovereign bonds in domestic currency under national laws refers to the activity or content adopted and propagated by governments, private firms, non-profits, and individuals to manage collective attitudes, values, narratives, and opinions.

Satire about #aaaa101 - Increased issuance of sovereign bonds in domestic currency under national laws is defined as language, film or other works of art that use humor and exaggeration to critique people or ideas, often as a form of social or political commentary.

Lesher, M., H. Pawelec and A. Desai (2022), "Disentangling untruths online: Creators, spreaders and how to stop them", Going Digital Toolkit Note, No. 23